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掌握英语写作中常见的标点符号错误

文章作者:培顿教育 发布时间:2019-12-27 浏览量:139
文章摘要:写作中有那些常见的标点符号错误?标点符号看上去那么简单的事情,很多同学在写作中却常常犯错,一旦用错标点,在判卷的时候这属于基础性语法错误,是要扣分的!你辛辛苦苦背单词、学语法Z后在标点符号上面减了分不值得快来看看你常用错的标点吧~

写作中有那些常见的标点符号错误?标点符号看上去那么简单的事情,很多同学在写作中却常常犯错,一旦用错标点,在判卷的时候这属于基础性语法错误,是要扣分的!你辛辛苦苦背单词、学语法Z后在标点符号上面减了分不值得快来看看你常用错的标点吧~


空格

在英语书写格式中,标点符号后面至少要留一个半角空格。比如对于逗号,在逗号后面要留有一个字符长度的空格。

比较这两个句子:

1.They would have married sooner, but they had to wait for her divorce. 2.They would have married sooner,but they had to wait for her divorce. 很明显第二个句子不符合英语书写规范,因为逗号后面没有一个字符的空格。

逗号

(1)在句子并列结构的Z后成分前往往会使用连词 and, or, but 等,在这些连词前加不加逗号会对句子意思造成影响.

例子:

1. You should buy some pens, red bags and notebooks. 2. You should buy some pens, red bags, and notebooks. 两个句子的表意有所不同,第二个句子 red 只修饰 bags,但第一个句子 red 可以解读为修饰 bags 以及 notebooks,因此为了避免歧义,要学会正确使用逗号。

(2)在非限制性定语从句中逗号会对句子的意思造成影响。

例子:

1.All the books which had pictures in them were sent to the library. 2.All the books, which had pictures in them, were sent to the library. 这里第一个句子的意思是“所有带插图的图书都被送到了图书馆”,第二个句子的意思是“所有的图书都被送到了图书馆,这些图书都带有插图”。

(3)英文中两个完整的句子或者两个并列分句之间一般不能用逗号隔开,但当遇到 however,thus 这类词时,有时候很容易犯错。

比如:

1.This is a cheap and simple process, however, there are dangers. 2.Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire, thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty. 第一个句子中当 however 表示转折含义时它是副词,不能当连词用,因此逗号应该改为分号或者句号。即:This is a cheap and simple process; however, there are dangers. /  This is a cheap and simple process. However, there are dangers. 第二个句子中 thus 是副词,同样不能当连词用,因此句子要改成:Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire. Thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty. / Most of the evidence was destroyed in the fire; thus it would be almost impossible to prove him guilty.

破折号,连接号,连字符

(1)“破折号”,我们称为 Em dash(—)它的长度等于大写字母M,主要用于将特定的概念从一个句子的主要从句中分离出来,或者分隔一个插入的想法或从句。

比如:

But such shortcomings—and South Africa’s failings since his retirement from active politics—pale into insignificance when set against the magnitude of his overall achievement.

(2)除了破折号Em dash 之外,还有连接En dash (–),它的长度等于大写字母N,是 Em dash 的一半,主要用于连接数字表示起止范围(比如1:00–2:00 p.m.),以及表示两者之间的关系和联系(比如 Boston–Hartford route)。此外,还有连字号Hyphen (-),它主要用于行末单词换行以及连接复合词的各个组成部分(比如 20-year-old son)。


书名号

汉语中书名号《》可以用来标明书名、文章名、报刊名等等,但英文中没有汉语书名号的写法在英文中,标明书籍、报刊、戏剧、电影、绘画作品等名称时, 通常采用斜体、下划线、引号、黑体或黑体基础上的下划线。

比如 :In his remarkable new book, Zero to One: Notes>, or How to Build the Future, Peter Thiel comes off as a brilliant young man with a tendency toward exaggeration.   在英文写作中要避免出现汉语书名号,诸如《The Economist》这样的写法都是错误的。


省略号

英语和汉语中的省略号在书写上不同,汉语省略号一般为六点,且位置在中间(……),英语省略号只有三点,且位置在下边,即( ... )。

举例:Resilient Ireland, booming South Sudan, tumultuous Turkey: our country of the year is…… 要改为:Resilient Ireland, booming South Sudan, tumultuous Turkey: our country of the year is...


其实在英语中标点符号有很多,这是Z常用的几个,希望你能掌握这些标点小技巧!

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